Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
The Asian Nuclear Medicine Board; Why Do We Need It?
1
3
EN
Durre
Sabih
0000-0002-7887-7748
Multan Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, Multan, Pakistan
dsabih@yahoo.com
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.001
No abstract available.
Asian,Board,Nuclear Medicine
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1648.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1648_2635bcb16f1e30dd60d1f1a76adfcce9.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
99mTc-MIBI Washout Rate to Evaluate the Effects of Steroid Therapy in Cardiac Sarcoidosis
4
9
EN
Masayoshi
Sarai
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
msarai@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Sadako
Motoyama
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
sadakom@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Yasuchika
Kato
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
ykato@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Hideki
Kawai
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
k-hideki@mqc.biglobe.ne.jp
Hajime
Ito
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
pole1207@hotmail.co.jp
Kayoko
Takada
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
katakadaksysk@yahoo.co.jp
Ryuji
Yoda
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
ryoda@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Hiroshi
Toyama
0000-0002-5341-1693
Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
htoyama@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Shin-ichiro
Morimoto
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
morimoto@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Yukio
Ozaki
Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan
ozakiyuk@fujita-hu.ac.jp
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.002
<strong><em>Objective(s):</em> </strong>We sought to determine the usefulness of the <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MIBI (MIBI) washout rate for the evaluation of steroid therapy in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). <br /><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> Eleven CS patients underwent MIBI myocardial SPECT both before and 6 months after initiating steroid therapy. The washout rate (WOR) of MIBI was calculated using early and delayed polar map images. The washout score (WOS) of MIBI was derived from the difference between the early and delayed total defect scores (TDS). <br /><strong><em>R</em><em>esults:</em></strong> Serum ACE and BNP exhibited significant improvement after the therapy <em>(p</em> = 0.004, <em>p</em> = 0.045). In the LV function, EDV and E/A ratio exhibited significant improvement after the therapy (<em>p</em> = 0.041, <em>p</em> = 0.007), while there were no significant differences between before and after therapy in EF or ESV. Early and delayed TDS showed no significant differences between before and after the therapy. In contrast, WOR differed significantly (<em>p</em> < .0001), while WOS did not differ significantly between before and after the therapy.<br /><strong><em>Conclusion:</em> </strong>The washout rate of MIBI is suitable for assessment of cardiac function in CS with steroid therapy, being especially better than the washout score of MIBI for assessment of disease activity of mild myocardial damage in CS with steroid therapy.
99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy,washout rate,steroid therapy,cardiac function,cardiac sarcoidosis
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1688.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1688_760c76f192cae2cfa1d6944085a0e3ac.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
Translation of Methdology used in Human Myocardial Imaging to a Sheep Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction
10
21
EN
Elizabeth
Bailey
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia
elizabeth.bailey2@health.nsw.gov.au
Dale
L
Bailey
0000-0001-9154-7957
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia
dale.bailey@sydney.edu.au
Stephen
Hunyor
Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia
shunyor@nsccahs.health.nsw.gov.au
Leigh
Ladd
Cardiac Technology Centre, North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, Australia
lladd@csu.edu.au
George
J
Bautovich
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia
gbautovich@med.usyd.edu.au
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.003
<strong><em>Objective(s): </em></strong>Pre-clinical investigation of stem cells for repairing damaged myocardium predominantly used rodents, however large animals have cardiac circulation closely resembling the human heart. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether SPECT/CT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) could be used for assessing sheep myocardium following an acute myocardial infarction (MI) and response to intervention. <br /><em><strong>Method: </strong></em>18 sheep enrolled in a pilot study to evaluate [99mTc]-sestamibi MPI at baseline, post-MI and after therapy. Modifications to the standard MPI protocols were developed. All data was reconstructed with OSEM using CT-derived attenuation and scatter correction. Standard analyses were performed and inter-observer agreement were measured using Kappa (). Power determined the sample sizes needed to show statistically significant changes due to intervention. <br /><em><strong>Results: </strong></em>Ten sheep completed the full protocol. Data processed were performed using pre-existing hardware and software used in human MPI scanning. No improvement in perfusion was seen in the control group, however improvements of 15% - 35% were seen after intra-myocardial stem cell administration. Inter-observer agreement was excellent (К=0.89). Using a target power of 0.9, 28 sheep were required to detect a 10-12% change in perfusion. <br /><em><strong>Conclusions:</strong></em> Study demonstrates the suitability of large animal models for imaging with standard MPI protocols and it’s feasibility with a manageable number of animals. These protocols could be translated into humans to study the efficacy of stem cell therapy in heart regeneration and repair.
myocardial perfusion imaging,SPECT/CT,ovine model,Mesenchymal stem cells
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1686.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1686_23999ab06aba61882d148943bf41b7f4.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
Is Tc99m-MIBI scintigraphy a predictor of response to pre-operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma?
22
27
EN
Mohammad
Gharedaghi
Department of Orthopedic surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
gharahdaghim@mums.ac.ir
Vahidreza
Dabbagh Kakhki
0000-0001-7222-786X
Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
dabbaghvr@mums.ac.ir
Khouei
Alireza
Department of Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
khooeiar@mums.ac.ir
Gholamhosein
Novferesti
Department of Oncology, Omid Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
novferestigh66@yahoo.com
Alireza
Houtkani
Department of Orthopedic surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
hootkania@mums.ac.ir
Mahdi
Farzadnia
Department of Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
farzadniam@mums.ac.ir
Ramin
Sadeghi
0000-0002-1666-5440
Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
sadeghir@mums.ac.ir
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.004
<strong><em>Objective(s):</em> </strong>Multidrug resistance (MDR), which may be due to the over expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and/or MRP, is a major problem in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of osteosarcoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Tc-99m MIBI scan for predicting the response to pre-operative chemotherapy. <br /><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> Twenty-five patients (12 males and 13 females, aged between 8 and 52y) with osteosarcoma were studied. Before the chemotherapy, planar <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MIBI anterior and posterior images were obtained 10-min [tumor-to-background ratio: (T<sub>1</sub>/B<sub>1</sub>)<sub>10min</sub>] and 3-hr after tracer injection. After completion of chemotherapy, again <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MIBI scan was performed at 10-min after tracer injection. In addition to calculation of decay corrected tumor to background (T/B) ratios , using the 10-min and 3-hr images of the pre-chemotherapy scintigraphy , percent wash-out rate (<em>WR</em>%) of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MIBI was calculated. Using the 10-min images of the pre- and post-chemotherapy scans, the percent reduction in uptake at the tumor site after treatment (<em>Red%)</em> was also calculated. Then after surgical resection, tumor response was assessed by percentage of necrosis. <br /><strong><em>R</em><em>esults:</em></strong> All patients showed significant <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MIBI uptake in early images. Only 9 patients showed good response to chemotherapy (necrosis≥90%) while 16 patients were considered as non-responder (necrosis<90%). There was no statistical significant difference between non-responders and responders in (T<sub>1</sub>/B<sub>1</sub>)<sub>10min</sub>.There was a significant negative correlation between <em>WR% </em>and percentage of necrosis (<em>P</em>=0.001). On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between <em>Red%</em> and percentage of necrosis (<em>P</em><0.001).There was also statistical significant difference in <em>WR%</em> and <em>Red%</em> between non-responders and responders (both P< 0.001). <br /><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> Washout rate of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-MIBI in pre-chemotherapy scintigraphy as well as Red<em>% </em>using pre- and post-chemotherapy MIBI scintigraphy are useful methods for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Osteosarcoma,Tc99m-MIBI,Therapy Response,Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1659.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1659_b9764fa73cd59f970c4dc3ad560e1215.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
Differential impact of multi-focus fan beam collimation with L-mode and conventional systems on the accuracy of myocardial perfusion imaging: Quantitative evaluation using phantoms
28
34
EN
Hideo
Onishi
0000-0002-8874-2847
Program in Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research,
Prefectural University of Hiroshima
onisi@pu-hiroshima.ac.jp
Norikazu
Matsutomo
Department of Radiology, Kurashiki Central Hospital
nm7074@kchnet.or.jp
Yoshiharu
Kangai
Program in Biological System Sciences, Graduate on School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima
kangai@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp
Tatsunori
Saho
Program in Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research,
Prefectural University of Hiroshima
sahotatsu@lion.ocn.ne.jp
Hizuru
Amijima
Department of Nursing,Hyogo University of Health Sciences
h-amijima@huhs.ac.jp
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.005
<strong><em>Objective(s):</em> </strong>A novel IQ-SPECT<sup>TM</sup> method has become widely used in clinical studies. The present study compares the quality of myocardial perfusion images (MPI) acquired using the IQ-SPECT<sup>TM </sup>(IQ-mode),conventional (180° apart: C-mode) and L-mode (90° apart: L-mode) systems. We assessed spatial resolution, image reproducibility and quantifiability using various physical phantoms. <br /><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> SPECT images were acquired using a dual-headed gamma camera with C-mode, L-mode, and IQ-mode acquisition systems from line source, pai and cardiac phantoms containing solutions of <sup>99m</sup>Tc. The line source phantom was placed in the center of the orbit and at ± 4.0, ± 8.0, ± 12.0, ± 16.0 and ± 20.0 cm off center. We examined quantifiability using the pai phantom comprising six chambers containing 0.0, 0.016, 0.03, 0.045, 0.062, and 0.074 MBq/mLof 99m-Tc and cross-calibrating the SPECT counts. Image resolution and reproducibility were quantified as myocardial wall thickness (MWT) and %uptake using polar maps. <br /><strong><em>R</em><em>esults:</em><em> </em></strong>The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the IQ-mode in the center was increased by 11% as compared with C-mode, and FWHM in the periphery was increased 41% compared with FWHM at the center. Calibrated SPECT counts were essentially the same when quantified using IQ-and C-modes. IQ-SPECT images of MWT were significantly improved (<em>P</em><0.001) over L-mode, and C-mode SPECT imaging with IQ-mode became increasingly inhomogeneous, both visually and quantitatively (C-mode vs. L-mode, ns; C-mode vs. IQ-mode, <em>P</em><0.05). <br /><strong><em>Conclusion:</em> </strong>Myocardial perfusion images acquired by IQ-SPECT were comparable to those acquired by conventional and L-mode SPECT, but with significantly improved resolution and quality. Our results suggest that IQ-SPECT is the optimal technology for myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging.
Multi-focus fan beam collimator,Image Quality,acquisition mode
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1604.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1604_42747fd142bb8de8266c12bf7b44780b.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
Impact of PET - CT motion correction in minimising the gross tumour volume in non-small cell lung cancer
35
46
EN
Michael
A
Masoomi
Dr Michael A Masoom
1-Department of Nuclear Medicine, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait
masoomim@sky.com
Anne
H
McLean
2-Nuclear Medicine Physics, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
Yassine
Bouchareb
3-Clinical Physics, Barts Health, NHS Trust, UK.
byassine06@yahoo.co.uk
Will
Ryder
4-Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Andy
Robinson
5-The Harley Street Clinic, London, UK
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.006
<strong><em>Objective(s):</em></strong> To investigate the impact of respiratory motion on localization, and quantification of lung lesions for the Gross Tumor Volume utilizing a fully automated Auto3Dreg program and dynamic NURBS-based cardiac-torso digitized phantom (NCAT).<br /><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> Respiratory motion may result in more than 30% underestimation of the SUV values of lung, liver and kidney tumor lesions. The motion correction technique adopted in this study was an image-based motion correction approach using, a voxel-intensity-based and a multi-resolution multi-optimization (MRMO) algorithm. The NCAT phantom was used to generate CT attenuation maps and activity distribution volumes for the lung regions. All the generated frames were co-registered to a reference frame using a time efficient scheme. Quantitative assessment including Region of Interest (ROI), image fidelity and image correlation techniques, as well as semi-quantitative line profile analysis and qualitatively overlaying non-motion and motion corrected image frames were performed.<br /><strong><em>R</em></strong><strong><em>esults</em></strong><em>: </em>The largest motion was observed in the Z-direction. The greatest translation was for the frame 3, end inspiration, and the smallest for the frame 5 which was closet frame to the reference frame at 67% expiration. Visual assessment of the lesion sizes, 20-60mm at 3 different locations, apex, mid and base of lung showed noticeable improvement for all the foci and their locations. The maximum improvements for the image fidelity were from 0.395 to 0.930 within the lesion volume of interest. The greatest improvement in activity concentration underestimation was 7.7% below the true activity for the 20 mm lesion in comparison to 34.4% below, prior to correction. The discrepancies in activity underestimation were reduced with increasing the lesion sizes. Overlaying activity distribution on the attenuation map showed improved localization of the PET metabolic information to the anatomical CT images.<br /><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong>The respiratory motion correction for the lung lesions has led to an improvement in the lesion size, localization and activity quantification with a potential application in reducing the size of the PET GTV for radiotherapy treatment planning applications and hence improving the accuracy of the regime in treatment of lung cancer.
Motion Correction,PET-CT,Lung cancer,NCAT
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1660.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1660_0652cc2ce8f068f97466c1460769f5c5.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
Assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor status in glioblastomas
47
52
EN
Hui-Jun
Zhu
Department of Radiology
Hamamatsu University of School of Medicine, Japan
barbara@hama-med.ac.jp
Harumi
Sakahara
Department of Radiology
Hamamatsu University of School of Medicine, Japan
sakahara@hama-med.ac.jp
Mikako
Ogawa
Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
mogawa @hama-med.ac.jp
Yasuhiro
Magata
Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
magata @hama-med.ac.jp
Yoshiro
Ohmomo
Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
ohmomo@gly.oups.ac.jp
Masahiko
Hirata
Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
hirata @gly.oups.ac.jp
Hiroki
Namba
Department of Radiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
hnamba@hama-med.ac.jp
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.007
<strong><em>Objective(s):</em> </strong>Our previous study showed that a newly designed tracer radioiodinated 6-(3-morpholinopropoxy)-7-ethoxy-4-(3'-iodophenoxy)quinazoline ([<sup>125</sup>I]PYK) is promising for the evaluation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status and prediction of gefitinib treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. EGFR is over-expressed and mutated also in glioblastoma. In the present study, the expressions and mutation of EGFR were tested with [<sup>125</sup>I] PYK in glioblastoma <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> to determine whether this could be used to predict the sensitivity of glioblastoma to gefitinib treatment. <br /><strong><em>Methods:</em> </strong>Glioblastoma cell lines with different expression of EGFR were tested. Growth inhibition of cell lines by gefitinib was assessed by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. Uptake levels of [<sup>125</sup>I]PYK were evaluated in cell lines <em>in vitro</em>. Tumor targeting of [<sup>125</sup>I]PYK was examined by a biodistribution study and imaging by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). <br /><strong><em>R</em><em>esults:</em></strong> High concentrations of gefitinib were needed to suppress EGFR-mediated proliferation. The uptake of [<sup>125</sup>I] PYK in cell lines <em>in vitro</em> was low, and showed no correlation with EGFR expression or mutation status. Biodistribution study and SPECT imaging with [<sup>125</sup>I]PYK for xenografts showed no [<sup>125</sup>I]PYK uptake. <br /><strong><em>Conclusion:</em> </strong>The results showed prediction of gefitinib effectiveness was difficult in glioblastoma by [<sup>125</sup>I]PYK, which might be due to the complicated expression of EGFR status in glioblastoma. Thus, new tracers for sites downstream of the mutant EGFR should be investigated in further studies.
[125I]PYK,gefitinib,EGFR,Glioblastoma
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1601.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1601_a4d4600ae0b1f53cad193dc1abbec1de.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
A case of dupable duple duplicity and duplexity
53
55
EN
uzma
afzal
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait
dr.uzmasaad@gmail.com
Rasha Mater
Al-Shammari
Bneid El-Qar, primary care health centre, Kuwait
rahash313@hotmail.com
Qaiser H
Siraj
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait
farwanianucmed@gmail.com
Santosh
hebbar
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait
ghebbar@yahoo.com
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.008
Duplication anomalies are quite common with ureteral duplication anomalies being the most frequent. Despite the relatively frequent incidence of a horseshoe kidney and duplication anomalies in any individual patient, the combination of horseshoe kidney and bilateral ureteric duplication is a very rare entity and very few cases have been reported to date. We present a case of a patient with novel combination of horse shoe kidney and congenital renal anomalies and their sequelae.
vesicoureteric reflux,horseshoe kidney,ureteral duplication,ureterocele
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1476.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1476_24d708a5bb7825cc1025210ad25bff05.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
AOFNMB
Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology
2322-5718
2322-5726
1
2
2013
10
01
Subcutaneous Extravasation of Sr-89: Usefulness of Bremsstrahlung Imaging in Confirming Sr-89 Extravasation and in the Decision Making for the Choice of Treatment Strategies for Local Radiation Injuries Caused by Sr-89 Extravasation
56
59
EN
Joji
Kawabe
Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka City University, Japan
kawabe@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Shigeaki
Higashiyama
Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka City University, Japan
higashiya@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Kohei
Kotani
Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka City University, Japan
kouhei-k@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Atsushi
Yoshida
Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka City University, Japan
m1111849@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Hiroyuki
Tsushima
Department of Radiological Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of HealthSciences, Japan
tsushima-ocu@umin.ac.jp
Takashi
Yamanaga
Department of Radiology, Osaka City University Hospital, Japan
yamanaga@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Daisuke
Tsuruta
Deaprtment of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
dtsuruta@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Susumu
Shiomi
Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Graduate School of Medicine,
Osaka City University, Japan
shiomis@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
10.7508/aojnmb.2013.02.009
A male patient in his 20s presented at our clinic with pain caused by bone metastases of the primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and Sr-89 was administrated to palliate the pain. After receiving the injection, the patient complained of a slight burning pain at the catheterized area. Slight reddening and small circular swelling (diameter, 0.5 cm) were observed at the catheterized area. Sr-89 extravasation was suspected. To estimate the amount of subcutaneous Sr-89 leakage, bremsstrahlung imaging was immediately performed. We speculated that the skin-absorbed dose from the subcutaneous Sr-89 leakage was 1.78 Gy. The mildest clinical sign of local radiation injury was erythema. The received dose was higher than 3 Gy, and the time of onset was from 2 to 3 weeks. In our patient, local radiation injuries (LRIs) did not occur. Though requiring further verification, subsequent bremsstrahlung imaging and estimation of the skin-absorbed dose from the subcutaneous Sr-89 leakage are useful in confirming Sr-89 extravasation and in the decision making for the choice of treatment strategies for LRIs caused by Sr-89 extravasation.
Sr-89,extravasation,local radiation injury,bremsstrahlung imaging
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1475.html
https://aojnmb.mums.ac.ir/article_1475_f569a9102b15b9f6e6c0ab6380576e7a.pdf